The AI Race and the End-of-History
How triumphalist thinking makes civilizational risk harder to address In 1992, Francis Fukuyama declared that liberal democracy represented the endpoint of humanity’s ideological evolution. History, in the Hegelian sense, was over. What followed was not the peaceful administration of a settled world but a series of catastrophic surprises — the attacks of September 11 , the 2008 global financial crisis , and the resurgence of authoritarian nationalism across multiple regions. The confidence of the claim had produced a kind of civilizational blindness. We may be living through a remarkably similar moment. The current race to build advanced artificial intelligence is often described as a commercial competition or a national security contest. At its deepest level, however, it is being conducted as something more ambitious: a bid to win history itself. The implicit assumption underneath the racing behavior — the tolerance for existential risk, the dismissal of regulatory friction, the ...